We usually communicate from our own frame of reference. We act out of our cultural heritage and it seems natural. Our culture can be male or female, old or young, parent or child and different ethnicities or races. In this session Duane Elmer:

- shares a story about the anniversary gift  which completely missed Muriel's frame of reference and the cultural heritage and caused her pain;

- warns about jumping to conclusions when we don't understand another person's frame of reference;

- explains where the frame of reference comes from;

- talks about the results of research on how long it takes people to understand that they could become friends;

- uses illustrations to explain the negative attribution theory;

- gives an important principle which will save you from embarrassment and hurt feelings.